Pakistan Climate Security Beyond Fiscal Fragmentation
Pakistan’s climate vulnerability is no longer an environmental concern in isolation. It has become a structural stressor that cuts across fiscal stability, urban governance, agricultural productivity, and national security planning. What distinguishes the current phase is not the existence of climate risk, but
CLIMATE SECURITY AND STRATEGIC REALIGNMENT BETWEEN PAKISTAN AND UNITED STATES
The conceptual separation between climate vulnerability and national security is collapsing under the weight of empirical reality, particularly in regions where environmental stressors are no longer episodic disturbances but structural determinants of state capacity. Pakistan occupies a uniquely exposed position within this global